When you discover mold in your home, fast and thorough removal is essential to prevent its rapid spread and related health issues. “Proper mold remediation involves removing the active colony, roots, and dead particles,” mold and air quality expert Michael Rubino explains. “This is particularly challenging on porous surfaces like untreated wood, where mold roots and particles embed deep within the surface.”

We spoke with three experts to get their tips on how to clean mold off wood and keep it from coming back.

How to Clean Mold Off Unfinished Wood

Mold removal requires a more methodical approach when it grows on unfinished wood. “Mold grows roots called hyphae, which can penetrate the surface,” Rubino explains. “Like weeds, to fully eliminate mold, you must remove it at the root.

Follow the steps below to clean mold off unfinished wood. (However, if the problem is large or severe or you have concerns about handling things safely, hire a mold remediation professional instead.)

Prep to remove the mold

“During sanding or other abrasive methods, mold particles can become airborne,” Rubino says. “Set up containment, use protective equipment, and deep clean afterwards to prevent spreading particles throughout your home.”

Mold removal expert Darren Hudema recommends wearing gloves, a P100 mask and goggles or a full-face respirator to minimize exposure to mold spores. “Ensure proper ventilation by opening windows and using fans,” he says. “Before cleaning, dry the wood using a fan or dehumidifier, as mold thrives in moisture, and it’s essential to eliminate the source of dampness.”

The post How To Get Rid of Mold on Unfinished Wood appeared first on Family Handyman.

The sun is a full-spectrum light source, which means all light frequencies are present, including those humans can’t see. Higher frequencies, which are those above the visible spectrum, make up ultraviolet (beyond violet) light. Having the most energetic frequencies, UV light can wrinkle your skin, give you sunburn, damage your eyes and even give you skin cancer. But does UV light kill mold, and if so, is it the most effective way to do it?

Let’s find out with the help of Forrest Webber, an electrician who founded a cleaning company, and HVAC expert Kevin Goude.

Does UV Light Kill Mold?

“Yes,” says Webber. “It messes with the DNA of the mold spores, rendering them unable to reproduce and party all over your basement.” To understand why, you need a little help from the science you may remember from high school.

Light isn’t exactly a wave in the conventional sense, but it behaves like one, and it has a wavelength. Ultraviolet light has a short wavelength, which means it has a high frequency, and according to an equation made famous by physicist Max Planck (Energy = h x frequency, where “h” is a minuscule number called Planck’s constant), high-frequency light is high-energy light. That’s why UV light can damage and kill mold spores, whereas visible and infrared light can’t.

How long does it take to kill mold with UV light?

If you use an artificial UV light source, whether the light can kill mold depends on the intensity of the source, its frequency of the light and the distance between the light source and the mold. According to Dara Greany, CEO of LEDLightExpert.com, it takes an average of 90 minutes to kill mold with UV light, but it can take three to five hours if you have a weak light source and a room full of mold to kill.

What Type of UV Light Kills Mold?

“UV-C light can be effective at killing mold spores,” says Webber. So what’s UV-C light? Consider that there’s an entire spectrum of UV radiation, from barely visible violet light to highly energetic X-rays, gamma rays and beyond. Scientists divide the UV spectrum into three classes: UV-A, UV-B and UV-C. UV-A radiation is closest to the visible spectrum and has the lowest energy while UV-C is farthest from visible light and has the highest energy.

The sun showers the earth with all three classes of ultraviolet radiation, but UV-C is so energetic that it interacts with the atmospheric ozone layer, and most of it gets absorbed (which is a good thing, or we’d all be toast). Because it has so much energy, UV-C radiation has proven effective for killing viruses, bacteria and mold, but because it doesn’t occur naturally at ground level, it has to be artificially produced. Accordingly, there are several types of lamps on the market today that generate UV-C radiation.

What Type of Mold Does UV Light Kill?

Does UV light kill mold? Yes, but the problem is that it has to be able to contact the organisms directly. Webber puts it like this: “Mold is a sneaky little thing. It likes to hide in places where the light doesn’t shine (insert joke here). So unless your mold problem is lounging somewhere in the direct line of fire, UV light might not reach it, and those spores will just keep plotting their grand comeback. Think of UV light as a laser pointer in a game of whack-a-molegreat for the ones it hits, but it won’t reach the sneaky spores deep in the walls or under the carpet.”

Are There More Effective Alternatives to Kill Mold?

“I don’t recommend relying on UV lights as your only solution for mold control,” warns Goude. Instead, he suggests using it as a supplemental mold control method, not the main one. So what’s the main one? “You need to lower indoor humidity to 50 percent or below by fixing any plumbing leaks, improving ventilation with open windows and exhaust fans, and ensuring good air circulation with ceiling fans.”

Depriving new mold colonies of moisture will prevent them from growing, but what to do about existing colonies? Webber recommends using what he calls the Dynamic Duo: “Vinegar is your best friend. It’s cheap, it’s non-toxic, and mold hates it. Mix white vinegar with water and go to town on moldy surfaces.”

You’ve probably heard that bleach effectively kills mold and there’s plenty of evidence that it does but its high surface tension prevents it from penetrating porous surfaces and getting to the roots. Consequently, when you use it to clean mold from wood and stone, there’s a good chance the mold grows back. Vinegar has no such issue, but if you don’t have any, you can do what the EPA recommends: Clean moldy surfaces with detergent and water and dry them thoroughly.

About the Experts

• Forrest Webber became an electrician after graduating from Tulane University. He subsequently became an electrician and later founded Alabama-based Bear Brothers Cleaning.
• Kevin Goude is the owner of First Choice Heating & Air, a South Carolina company specializing in HVAC maintenance and repair.

Sources

• Greany, Dara: UV Lights How Do They Kill, and How Long Does It Take a UV-C Light to Kill?; 2023.
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: What Are the Basic Mold Cleanup Steps?; 2024.
• Eco Flood & Mold Remediation: Never Use Bleach to Treat, Clean or Kill Mold? Read Why!; 2021.

The post UV Light for Mold Removal: Does It Really Work? appeared first on Family Handyman.

It requires just a few inexpensive supplies and a few minutes of your time every couple of weeks.

A Hack to Stop Window Condensation

TikTok user @blooms_abode posted a quick solution to control mold growth around windows.

The hack starts by fully opening window curtains and blinds to allow complete access. Next, leave a jar of bicarbonate soda bicarb on the windowsill to absorb moisture. Every two weeks, use a mold spray and cleaning rag to run along the window to clean off any growth.

And thats it!

@blooms_abode

You NEED this. #condensation #condensationhack #hacks #fyp #foryoupage #cleaning #cleantok

Christmas Is Coming – DM Production

Causes of Condensation in Windows

Condensation on windows happens when warm, moist air comes into contact with a cold surface, like a window pane. The air cools down, and the moisture in it turns into tiny water droplets, which is what you see on the glass.

This is especially common in colder months when indoor air is warmer and more humid compared to the chilly outside air. It can also occur if there’s a lot of moisture in your homethink cooking, showering, or even plants releasing water vapor. If the humidity inside your house is too high, it makes it more likely for condensation to form, even when your windows are closed.

Is Mold on Windows Dangerous?

Mold on windows can indeed be a concern, especially if left unchecked. While it might start as a small patch, mold can spread to other areas and release spores into the air, which isnt ideal for indoor air quality.

For some people, especially those with allergies, asthma, or compromised immune systems, exposure to mold spores can lead to symptoms like coughing, sneezing, eye irritation, or even respiratory issues. Even if youre not sensitive to mold, its still a good idea to clean it up as soon as you spot it, since it can damage surfaces over time and lead to staining.

Keeping your windows dry and controlling indoor humidity can help prevent mold from forming in the first place.

The post This Simple Hack Stops Condensation on Your Windows appeared first on Family Handyman.

Ahead, learn about the likely causes and ways to remove this unwanted smell with Michael Sacenti from American Healthy Homes and realtor Beatrice de Jong.

What Causes That Old House Smell?

Older homes can develop a distinctive, musty smell over time, especially if unoccupied and closed up for any length of time. Both experts agree that the main cause of old house smell is unresolved moisture issues in the home. “Musty is another word for mold,” Sacenti says. He points to high humidity levels in the basement or slow plumbing leaks as primary culprits of mold and mildew, which largely contribute to old house smell. Other causes include years of accumulated dust in carpets and HVAC systems, cigarette or fire smoke and pet urine. When these musty smells are trapped in a home with poor ventilation, this can lead to an old house smell.

Tips to Get Rid of Old House Smell

Improve ventilation

The first thing to do is to get some fresh air into the home. “Open windows and doors and use fans to increase airflow and bring in fresh air, which can help dissipate the smell,” de Jong says. This step is free and can begin to make a difference right away.

Address humidity levels

Humid basements are prime areas for mold to develop and grow, so if you’re combating old house smells, start here. “Fifty to sixty percent of all basement air goes straight up into the house,” Sacenti says, so if the basement smells, the house will smell too. A dehumidifier should be used in the basement or crawl space to keep humidity levels below 50, preventing mold spores from growing.

Repair any plumbing leaks

Inspect the home for plumbing leaks, or hire an inspector to look for you. Look under sinks, below and around showers and tubs, in the basement and in the attic. “Inside sink vanities is a prime spot for mold growth if there’s a plumbing leak,” Sacenti says. “There’s moisture, darkness and organic matter, which are perfect conditions for mold to grow.”

Remove Mold

Areas of mold greater than 10 sq. ft. should be treated by a mold remediation company. For smaller areas, wear gloves and a mask, then scrub hard surfaces with a 50:50 solution of water and white vinegar. Moldy soft surfaces like drywall, rugs and ceiling tiles will need to be removed and discarded.

Clean the Carpets

If the home has wall-to-wall carpeting, these will absorb and trap odors. Even if you remove mold sources and improve ventilation, the smell may persist unless you remove or deep clean the carpets. “Try sprinkling baking soda on the carpet, letting it sit and then vacuuming it up,” de Jong says. “If the odor persists, consider hiring a professional to deep clean or shampoo the carpets.”

Paint the Walls

Like carpets, walls can also absorb smells. “Applying a fresh coat of paint can help not only freshen up the look of your home but also mask lingering smells from previous occupants,” de Jong says. Before painting, apply an odor-blocking primer like Kilz Restoration.

Use Scented Solutions

When you’ve neutralized the smell with the above tips, you can add some pleasant smells to the home. “Burn scented candles or use an essential oil diffuser to freshen up the space,” de Jong says.

About the Experts

• Michael Sacenti owns American Healthy Homes. He has 10 years of experience in the mold remediation industry and 40 years experience in real estate maintenance.
• Beatrice de Jong is a real estate broker with Beverly Hills Estates in Los Angeles, California. Ms. de Jong previously worked for Open Listings as the Director of Residential Sales and OpenDoor as a Consumer Trends Analyst. She has over ten years experience in the real estate industry.

The post Old House Smell: What Causes It and How To Get Rid of It appeared first on Family Handyman.

We spoke with three experts to learn how to identify mold’s distinct musty odor, how to find the source of the smell and what to do when you discover proliferating spores.

What Causes Mold?

“The most common causes of mold in homes are related to dampness and moisture,” Rob Weitz, a leading mold consultant, says. He explains that mold is a fungus that thrives on wet surfaces, feeding on materials like wallboard, fabric, or even fruit. “Mold spores, which are [naturally] airborne, settle on these damp areas and quickly begin to grow,” he says.

While unaddressed water damage is a major cause of mold growth, other common causes might not be so obvious. “Areas prone to moisture, like kitchens and bathrooms, are particularly vulnerable due to activities like cooking, washing dishes, and taking showers,” Weitz says. “Basements and crawl spaces, which tend to be damp or poorly ventilated, are also common sites for mold growth.”

Mold and air quality expert Michael Rubino explains that high indoor humidity levelsabove 60%promote mold growth. He lists roof problems, gutter leaks, appliance malfunctions, damaged pipes, structural issues, and poorly maintained HVAC systems as other common culprits for mold problems.

What Does Mold Smell Like?

We asked the experts, “What does mold smell like?” Jack White, Senior Director of Technical Services at Rainbow Restoration, said it typically emits a musty, damp, earthy smell, often compared to a sour odor like wet clothing left in a washing machine. “Black mold can have a stronger, pungent odor,” he says.

Rubino explains that the musty smell, which he describes as “cigar-like,” is caused by the release of microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) as mold grows and breaks down materials like damp wood, paper and fabric.

Not all mold growth has a distinctive smell, and different types of mold can produce variations in odor. However, any odor intensifies as the mold problem worsens. “This stronger smell indicates the colony is growing and releasing more gasses and byproducts, including spores and mycotoxins,” Rubino says.

How to Find the Mold

If you can smell mold but can’t see it, check areas prone to moisture, such as bathrooms, basements, HVAC closets, and behind sinks and appliances. Also, be vigilant for signs such as chipping or peeling paint, water stains, warped walls or flooring and dampness. “The mold is likely hiding in places that aren’t immediately visible, such as behind drywall, wallpaper, ceiling tiles, under carpets, or around pipes,” Weitz says.

“Chronic health issues with seemingly no underlying cause can also indicate mold indoors,” Rubino says. “Spores, fragments, and mycotoxins are small enough to be inhaled, ingested, and absorbed into the body, potentially leading to adverse health reactions in those exposed.”

Some common symptoms of mold exposure include runny eyes and nose, itching, coughing, sneezing, breathing difficulties and headaches. Often, the symptoms abate when you leave home and start again when you return.

When Should I Call a Professional About the Mold Smell in My House?

If you can smell mold but can’t see it, the mold problem is extensive or hard to reach, or you suspect serious black mold, it’s best to call a professional to help you deal with the problem safely and effectively. “The only way to know the exact type and risk of the mold present is through a mold test conducted by an environmental inspector,” Weitz says. He cautions against hiring the same company to carry out mold testing and any required remediation work, saying it’s a conflict of interest for a company to do both.

The EPA advises against handling mold removal yourself when the problem extends over an area larger than 10 square feet. However, even when the problem is affecting a smaller space, if you aren’t experienced in properly containing mold, you could make the problem worse if you don’t remove all the spores. “Mold spores are lightweight and can spread easily, making it easy to unknowingly cross-contaminate different parts of the home,” Weitz explains.

If you are experiencing extensive water damage in your home, you will likely need prompt, professional assistance to dry things out before mold forms. “All it takes is 24-48 hours on a wet surface for some species to begin growing,” Rubino says.

Rubino suggests hiring professionals to deal with mold in areas such as basements, attics, crawlspaces, ceilings and under carpets. “The extent of contamination might be hidden, potentially affecting the subfloor or framing behind the visible mold,” he says.

The Institute of Inspection Cleaning and Restoration Certification is a good place to start when looking for a suitably qualified mold remediator.

About the Experts

Michael Rubino is a mold and air quality expert, environmental wellness advocate and founder of HomeCleanse; email interview, Oct. 10, 2024.

Rob Weitz is the principal at RTK Environmental Group and a leader in the field of testing and consulting in mold. He is a certified microbial investigator with 30+ years of knowledge; email interview, Oct. 10, 2024.

Jack White is the Senior Director of Technical Services at Rainbow Restoration, a Neighborly company. Rainbow are rapid response experts in disaster restoration, including mold removal; email interview, Oct. 11, 2024.

Sources

• EPA: “A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture and Your Home” (2023)

The post Is that Mold Your Are Smelling in Your House? appeared first on Family Handyman.

That stench was likely caused by excess humidity, which led to mold and mildew, which can also present health risks. There were very few ways to address this issue back then without extensive and expensive repairs, but luckily, that’s not the case now.

Today, you can stick an Eva-Dry dehumidifier in there and save your clothes and closet. Because it doesn’t use electricity and is reusable, you can place it in safes to keep firearms, collectibles, or other items from being damaged by humidity.

I’ve used the Eva-Dry dehumidifier for nearly a year, and to be honest, I’m obsessed with it. My clothes have never smelled fresher, and at under $25, it’s a no-brainer if you live in a humid area or need to keep moisture out of a confined area.

What is the Eva-Dry dehumidifier?

VIA MERCHANT

$14.97 at Amazon

Eva-Dry Mini Dehumidifier

$14.97 at Amazon

Eva-Dry dehumidifiers come in different shapes for various purposes, including some self-drainingmodels, but today, we’re looking at the Eva-Dry Renewable dehumidifier. It’s a little smaller than a Nintendo Switch or a Nintendo DSif you’re old school, making it easy to store in safes or closets.

The renewable aspect refers to the non-toxic crystallized silica gel that attracts and absorbs extra moisture in the air without electricity and can be reused. Once the beads in the center display turn from orange to green, you plug it in to heat the unit to get rid of the absorbed moisture. It can then be used again, thus repeating the cycle.

It can work in spaces up to 333 square feet, which is larger than my last New York City apartment. So, it could even be used as abasement dehumidifier for some smaller homes. For this Eva-Dry review, I used onein a small bathroom and the other in a closet.

Eva Dry Dehumidifier Features

Let’s take a look at some of the most notable features of this nifty dehumidifier.

Renewable

The Eva-Dry dehumidifier uses crystallized silica gel to absorb four to six ounces of moisture from the air. The company claims it can be reused for about 10 years by heating the gel about every month to release the stored water (more on that in a second).

These gels are sometimes used in cat litter to reduce odors, and they can absorb up to 40% of their weight in water vapor. They capture the humidity by storing it in microscopic capillaries and holding it there until releasedin the case of Eva-Dry, by being heated when plugged into a standard outlet. It takes about 10 hours to completely dry it out, at which point it can be reused wherever you had it. Be warned: The unit will get hot when charging, so it’s best not to touch the front of it.

The gel is orange and turns green when it’s at its maximum capacity and needs to be plugged in.

One thing to keep in mind is that you cannot customize how much moisture the gels absorb like you can with electric dehumidifiers.

Compact

The Eva-Dry dehumidifier is the smallest we’ve tested, yet it can work in rooms up to 333 square feet, about the same as some electronic models out there (reminder: this only uses electricity to release the water vapors). This allows it to be stashed in a corner, on a shelf, or in most safes.

Although they’re technically sealed, humidity can still enter safes and cause rust or mold/mildew growth, which could damage what’s inside. For example, the inner parts of a firearm could rust if exposed to humidity, possibly causing it to malfunction or misfire.

You could even use it as a crawl space dehumidifier.

Long-Lasting

I know one of your top questions is, “How long does the Eva-Dry dehumidifier last?” To be honest, I don’t know. The company states it can hold anywhere from 4 to 6 ounces of water. For reference, that’s about three-quarters of a cup. I’ll get into how long it took to get there in a little bit, but the short answer is, “It depends where you put it.” The company claims it can last for 20 to 30 days.

Cordless

For my money, one of the best features of the Eva-Dry dehumidifier is that it’s cordless. You might be asking, “How do you plug it in?” There’s a plug located on the back that can be used when it’s time to heat the silica gel. This makes it compact and portable, and because it doesn’t use electricity to run (only when drying out), it is 100% quiet.

How We Tested It

I originally tested the Eva-Dry dehumidifier when researching our best small dehumidifiers roundup, and I loved it so much I bought another one to use elsewhere around the house. I’ve had one in the master bedroom closet and the other in the laundry room.

I wrote down when I first placed one of the units in their respective location and then marked the date when the silica gel turned from orange to green, indicating when it had absorbed all the moisture.

As you could probably guess, the one in the laundry room needed to be recharged much quicker than the one in the closet. The former only took about five days, and the latter lasted about three weeks to a month, depending on the weather.

It’s hard to measure this, but I’ve also kept track of how “fresh” the closet has smelled and felt, and I can tell you there’s been a considerable change. We live in the suburbs of Charlotte, NC, where we’re sweating harder than a snowman in Phoenix from May to September due to the excess humidity. To be clear, it’s not going to provide relief the way my Midea dehumidifier does, but without it, I’d have damp clothes.

I prefer to line-dry most of my laundry, which is pretty difficult with all that excess water already in the air. Since using the Eva-Dry Renewable dehumidifier, my clothes have dried quicker and more thoroughly.

Lastly, I timed how long it took to heat the unit and turn the silica gel from green back to orange so it could go back in its place. It was generally around the 10-hour mark advertised by the company, giving or taking an hour depending on the temperature of the place where you place it.

Another suggestion for a dehumidifier for larger spaces? Check out our Frigidaire dehumidifier review.

FAQ

How long do Eva-Dry dehumidifiers last?

Eva-Dry says its renewable dehumidifiers can last about a month before needing to be plugged in to release the water, though it can be shorter or longer than that depending on how humid it is in the area you put it.

Can you leave Eva-Dry plugged in?

No, it’s advised to unplug the Eva-Dry Renewable dehumidifier after it has released all of the stored water vapor so you don’t damage the silica gels or the unit, which gets hot when plugged in.

How does the Eva-Dry dehumidifier work?

The Eva-Dry Renewable dehumidifier uses crystallized silica gel that attracts, absorbs and stores water vapors using microscopic capillaries that can hold up to 40% of their weight. The gels turn from orange to green when full and will hold onto the moisture until it’s released via the heat produced by plugging the unit in. Once all the water’s gone and the gels are orange, the dehumidifier can be placed back in its original spot (like a musty closet).

What Other Reviewers/Experts Had to Say

The Eva-Dry Renewable dehumidifier has a 4.2 average rating on Amazon, with more than 20,000 of the nearly 33,000 reviews being five stars. “Its rapid, effective, and energy-efficient design has been a welcome change, as it quickly removes excess moisture from the air with no leaks, spills, or unpleasant odors,” says Florida resident and five-star reviewer CZDM.

Negative reviewers said the unit didn’t perform as advertised, with some showing pictures of hardened spices or other signs of excess moisture in areas where they had placed an Eva-Dry dehumidifier.

“[I] put [it] back in the closet, this time adding another dehumidifier bag that I bought from Home Depot, and in two weeks that bag was full of water, but this little unit still shows the same orange window like the day I received it,” says one-star customer reviewer Shaun Meyer.

Eva-Dry Dehumidifier vs Pro Breeze Dehumidifier

Pro Breeze produces and sells air conditioners, heaters, air purifiers and dehumidifiers, like Eva-Dry. The brand doesn’t have a cordless, renewable option like Eva-Dry, though it has several small dehumidifiers. I’ve used the Pro Breeze Electric Mini dehumidifier, and think it’s another great choice for small spaces.

Right off the bat, the Pro Breeze has a larger capacity than the Eva-Dry renewable, capable of holding up to 8.45 ounces of water, while the Eva-Dry can hold anywhere from 4 to 6 ounces.

The Pro Breeze is good for spaces up to 205 square feet, which is actually smaller than the Eva-Dry’s 333-square-foot coverage area. Still, I think there’s a case to be made for the Pro Breeze because it’s more efficient at its job.

You’ll feel relief from the humidity much quicker with the Pro Breeze than the Eva-Dry, because the electric unit is more powerful at sucking in water vapors than the crystallized silica gel. So if you’re looking for a dehumidifier because it’s uncomfortable in a room or RV/camper, go for the Pro Breeze. If you’re just looking to keep excess moisture from ruining a small area like a closet or safe (or you’re on a tight budget), the Eva-Dry is your pick.

By the way, consider complementing your dehumidifier with a compact air purifier like the Blueair Air Purifier to eliminate other airborne nuisances.

Final Verdict

There are very few products that I outright recommend to virtually everyone, but I can’t think of a single person (minus those in climates where excess humidity simply isn’t a concern) who shouldn’t buy the Eva-Dry Renewable dehumidifier. The cordless, compact, renewable and energy efficient. Most importantly, it’s incredibly effective at its job, at least in my experience, with two of them across two different apartments and one home.

It’s not ideal for making huge rooms more comfortable, but it can prevent excess moisture from ruining clothes, firearms, or collectibles sensitive to water vapors.

Where to Buy the Eva Dry Dehumidifier

The Eva-Dry Renewable dehumidifier is available on Amazon for less than $25. It is also available at Home Depot for the same price.

The post Over 30,000 People Love the Eva-Dry Mini Dehumidifier—Here’s Why It’s a Gamechanger for Musty Closets appeared first on Family Handyman.

Best Overall Crawl Space Dehumidifier

Alorair Storm LGR Extreme Dehumidifier

While it may not be necessary for a crawl space dehumidifier to look good, the Alorair Storm LGR Extreme does just that with its four available color options (yellow, blue, green and red). However, that’s not what makes it an excellent choice for protecting your crawl space. A wide operating temperature range from 33.8 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit, a nearly 20-foot power cord, low grain refrigerant (LGR) technology, the ability to remove up to 180 pints per day (PPD) of water and convenient memory restarting are a few qualities that do, though.

LGR is a method of cooling air more efficiently to help remove more water. The technology allows effective operation over a wider temperature range than non-LGR machines. Low-operating temps mean you can set the Storm LGR Extreme and forget it. The unit also features a Merv 8 filter, which traps most airborne particles larger than 3.0 microns (or roughly the size of the smallest mold spores).

Pros

• Condensate pump incorporated into the design
• LGR technology for increased efficiency
• 19.6-foot long power cord
• Powerful enough for restorations
• Includes five-year warranty

Cons

• No venting duct attachment points
• Effective operating range only reaches 80% humidity

$799.11 at Amazon

The post Best Crawl Space Dehumidifiers for Drier, Healthier Small & Large Spaces appeared first on Family Handyman.

“Mold mites are a general term for many species that have the ability to feed on fungi and grow large populations in a very short period,” says Ronald Ochoa, Ph.D., a research scientist specializing in mites for the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).

With Ochoa leading the way, let’s delve a little deeper into the life of the mold mite.

What Are Mold Mites?

According to Ochoa, the mold mite was first described in 1781 by Franz von Paula Schrank, a priest in Vienna, Austria. Of the 6,000 species of mites in the world, around 60 belong to the mold mite genus.

Adaptable to all kinds of environments, from dank basements to humid cavities of a tree, mold mites typically attack and consume decaying materials (wood, cardboard, etc.), fungi, bacteria, algae, manure and dead animal carcasses. Some may also feed on seeds and bulb plants.

Ochoa says there are several common species of mold mites, known as “Astigmata” by the scientific community. One in particular, the Tyrophagus putrescentiae, is considered a “cosmopolitan” arthropod. That means it can be found in a range of places around the world.

“The mold mite is one of the most amazing species of mites on the planet,” Ochoa says. “NASA scientists have even collected mold mites from the Russian space station Mir, showing just how resilient and adaptive to the most hostile environments these mites truly are.”

Fun fact: Tyrophagus putrescentiae translates to “cheese eater” in Latin.

What Do Mold Mites Look Like?

Besides being teeny tiny, mold mites are almost transparent, making them challenging but not impossible to see with the naked eye. A magnifying lens or the zoom feature on a smartphone camera could help.

Mold mites measure no larger than one millimeter long. They’re white with tan-to-brown tones on the legs and the area around their mouthparts (the gnathosoma).

Mold miters are confused with dust mites because they’re found in the same places. Ochoa says it’s easy to confuse the two. “One of the simplest ways to tell the difference is that mold mites have around six long setae (hairs) while dust mites have only a couple of long hairs on their bodies,” he says.

Fun fact: “Mites are actually closer to spiders than insects,” says Ochoa

Mold Mite Infestation Signs

Because mold mites have short life cycles (around nine to 30 days), they multiply quickly. Before you know it, you may have a mold mite infestation.

Here are signs of a mold mite infestation:

• White frosting or brown staining on moldy areas;
• Gray or brown “dust” or “biomass” under a shelf or near food products;
• Large clusters of little white dots that migrate or appear to “walk across” surfaces.

Fun fact: A female mold mite can lay between 500 to 800 eggs in her brief but productive lifetime.

Are Mold Mites Dangerous?

Not to humans. Farm animals have been known to experience gastric problems from eating stored grain or feed infested with mold mites.

Humans and pets alike should avoid food contaminated with mold mites. This can be achieved by keeping well-sealed food dry and stored in a clean place.

Mold mites are often associated with allergies, and their presence may trigger asthma or sinus problems. Their prickly hairs can irritate skin, and they may contaminate laboratories, air conditioning systems, storage areas and pet food.

The good news is, mold mites rarely bite, and they don’t carry diseases or damage property. But the mold that attracts them can rot your home’s frames and walls, and present health problems to you and your family.

How To Get Rid of Mold Mites

The first step is removing their food sources. “Clean, clean, clean,” is the magic word, Ochoa says.

While scrubbing up, focus on cracks and crevices where mites like to hide. In addition, remove any visible mold with a solution of bleach or vinegar and water.

How To Prevent Mold Mites

Create an inhospitable environment for mold mites to dwell and reproduce by doing the above, plus:

• Replace dust-filled filters in air conditioning and heating units regularly.
• If mold has formed on cushions or soft toys, wash and dry at high temperatures.
• Ensure your home is well-ventilated.
• Move furniture away from walls, leaving space for air to circulate.
• Run a dehumidifier to remove moisture.

Ochoa also suggests a simple and practical way to keep mold mites out of your home: Wipe your shoes on “welcome” mats before entering the house.

If you find a large infestation and DIY solutions fail, consider calling in a professional pest removal and/or mold remediation company.

“The reality is that mold mites are everywhere,” says Ochoa. “The best defense against mold mites is to keep your home or office clean, check filters often and invest in a good vacuum cleaner.”

The post Everything You Need To Know About Mold Mites appeared first on Family Handyman.

Best Overall Small Dehumidifier

Gocheer Upgraded Air Dehumidifier

I realized the Gocheer Upgraded Air Dehumidifier is the best small dehumidifier just minutes after plugging it in. It has a 68-ounce tank, which can extract moisture in spaces up to 800 square feet while remaining compact and lightweight enough to fit on my nightstand. Of the seven small dehumidifiers I tested, it was the quickest at dehumidifying my 600-square-foot studio apartment.

There’s a drain hose for those who wish to run it continuously, so you don’t have to drain the tank every few hours, and seven-night light colors for added ambiance. My only knock against it is you can hear it when it’s on high-speed mode, though there’s a sleep mode that drops the noise to below 15 decibels, quieter than the sound of leaves rustling. The sleep mode, however, is turned off, and the machine returns to high-speed mode after nine hours.

Pros

• Large 68-ounce tank dehumidifies up to 800 square feet
• Included drain hose for continuous use
• Sleep mode
• Auto shut-off

Cons

• High-speed mode is a bit loud

$89.99 at Amazon

The post 6 Best Small Dehumidifiers to Fight Dampness, Tested and Reviewed appeared first on Family Handyman.

But there’s one sign that’s particularly hard to decode: mushrooms in the soil. These mysterious bright yellow fungi can look especially dangerous. But do they pose any real threat? Here’s everything you need to know, from the species of mushroom to how to get rid of them.

What Is the Yellow Mushroom in my Houseplant?

According to Iowa State University’s Horticulture and Home Pest News, Leucocoprinus birnbaumii is the most common species of yellow mushroom in houseplants.

Sometimes called the “yellow houseplant mushroom,” “yellow parasol” or “flower pot parasol,” it’s usually one to three inches tall. Their ovular or bell-shaped caps can grow up to two inches in diameter, and they can sprout singly or in clusters.

Why Is There a Yellow Mushroom in my Houseplant?

These thrive in warm, humid environments, so they can appear in houseplants or greenhouses year-round. And while you might assume their presence indicates overwatering, this isn’t always the case.

According to the website Garden Know How, the real culprit is usually the potting mix itself: “The spores that are the cause of mushrooms growing in houseplant soil [are] normally introduced by contaminated soilless mix.” Humans, pets and even air can also sometimes bring spores in from outside.

Is the Yellow Mushroom in my Houseplant Dangerous?

No. The yellow mushrooms are typically not harmful to the plant.

According to Dan Gill, the Times-Picayunegarden columnist at Nola.com, the fungus that makes the mushroom is “just decaying the organic matter in the potting mix.” Gill recommends ignoring it.

The mushrooms actually may support the health of your houseplant. AsTheSill.com explains, the mushrooms perform many vital functions. They absorb ammonium in the ecosystem, which “helps solubilize and mobilize metals and phosphates that are essential for your plant.” And they communicate threats to the plant through their mycelium networks.

Per TheSill.com: “Nearby plants will boost their own innate defenses [against insects] if they hear over the mycelium that one of their neighbors is being attacked.” This means that mushrooms provide essential nutrients and valuable intel to the houseplants.

Still, there’s one excellent reason to remove the yellow mushrooms: they can be poisonous to pets and humans.Horticulture and Home Pest Newssuggests removing the mushrooms as soon as they appear if “pets or small children reside in the home.”

How Can I Get Rid of the Yellow Mushroom in my Houseplant?

Take the following steps, as outlined by Garden Know How.

1. Remove the caps: Do this as soon as possible to prevent the mushrooms from releasing spores and spreading.
2. Change the soil: Remove the plant from the pot, shake off the roots and replant it in fresh, uncontaminated soil. If you cannot repot the plant for whatever reason, at least remove the top two inches of soil.
3. Add fungicide. WhileHorticulture and Home Pest Newsclaims fungicide doesn’t affect mushrooms, other sources suggest some products may work.
4. Alter the conditions: Try to lessen the humidity or lower the heat in your home to prevent mushrooms from sprouting.

While none of these methods are foolproof, they’ll decrease the likelihood of a mushroom invasion. Still, the mushrooms are only poisonous if ingested, so you can always simply place the houseplants beyond reach.

The post If You See Yellow Mushrooms in Your Houseplant, This Is What It Means appeared first on Family Handyman.

Best Overall Basement Air Purifier

Hathaspace Smart Air Purifier

This five-in-one basement air purifier filtration system removes particles as small as 0.3 microns (m) while also eliminating 99% of smoke, making it one of the best air purifiers for basements, garages and other odorous rooms. Equipped with a four-stage HEPA filter, the Hathaspace does a number on dust and allergens, pet hair and dander, smoke, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), viruses, bacteria and musty odorseffectively cleaning up to 700 square feet of air per hour. We also love how the freestanding unit’s slim profile means you can lean it up against a wall or on a counter so it’s out from underfoot.

Pros

• Sensor detects pollutants and adjusts fan speed accordingly
• Built-in, energy-saving sleep mode
• Air quality feedback display
• Remote control
• Has nearly 14,000 five-star ratings on Amazon

Cons

• Produces small amounts of ozone when ionizer feature is on

$199.99 at Amazon

The post The 10 Best Air Purifiers for a Basement to Remove Dust, Allergens and Odors appeared first on Family Handyman.

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Shop on Home Depot

By combining a densifier and waterproofer in one product, Ghostshield Lithi-Tek Concrete Sealer penetrates and hardens while providing a surface barrier against moisture, making it our best basement sealer overall. The lithium (hence the “Lithi”) silicate has a smaller particle size than alternatives like sodium or potassium silicate, allowing it to penetrate deeper into the concrete.

This basement sealer might seem expensive compared to other gallon-sized products, but since it’s a concentrate, it actually covers up to 1,000 square feetwhen mixed with four gallons of water. It’s also mildew-resistant and cleans easily with just soap and water, which helps eliminate basement odors and smells.

The post The 5 Best Basement Sealers to Waterproof Your Space appeared first on Family Handyman.

Best Overall Basement Dehumidifier

Frigidaire High-Humidity Dehumidifier

With an impressive 60-pint per day processing power and the ability to fully customize your humidity levels, this Frigidaire dehumidifier is perfectly suited for basement use. I tested this Frigidaire model and found that it exceeded my expectations despite its relatively lofty price tag.

Right out of the box, the unit looked and felt durable. Its cord wrap, louvers, wheels and filter cover are made of durable plastic, and I felt confident it could take some abuse and didn’t worry about causing damage when moving it from place to place. However, the unit is quite heavy. While I could, with effort, move it down the stairway to the basement using the two side handle indents, I recommend having a partner help with that task.

The Frigidaire comes fully assembled and ready to operate. If you choose to add a drain hose, installing one is a snap by simply removing the outlet cap, screwing a hose to it and stretching the hose to a floor drain.

I put this product to the test by cranking my desired humidity level to its lowest setting of 35%. The water reservoir is a generous 2.5 gallons, and I had to empty the bucket only once dailya simple task of pouring the reservoir into a nearby sink basin. That’s less often than I expected, however, the outside weather had been relatively dry in recent weeks.

Overall, operating the unit was straightforward with easy-to-understand controls and a digital readout. On high speed, however, the fan noise was louder than expected but not annoying, and it was barely audible outside of the room I placed it in. Removing and cleaning the dust filter was a simple matter of removing it from the back and rinsing it off.

Pros

• High processing power is ideal for basements
• Removes 60 pints per day
• Power cord organizer for storage
• 24-hour timer
• Digital humidity readout

Cons

• Pricey
• A little loud on high-speed

$299.95 at Amazon

$279 at Lowe's

The post The 11 Best Dehumidifiers for Basements to Get Ahead of Moisture Issues appeared first on Family Handyman.

Should you be concerned? What can you do about mold in your basement? I talked with Michael Rubino, author of The Mold Medic: an Expert’s Guide on Mold Removal and founder of HomeCleanse, to answer these important questions.

Should I Worry About Mold in the Basement?

Yes. Molds can cause health problems and damage property, so it’s important to take care of it quickly. Mold colonies release microscopic spores that can be carried throughout the house on air currents, pets, people and personal belongings.

“If these spores land on a surface with a food and moisture source, they’ll also begin to grow in the new location,” says Rubino. That’s why homes with mold often have more than one area of contamination. Modern energy-efficient homes have little airflow between indoor and outdoor environments, meaning spores that end up in your living areas usually stay there.

For people sensitive to molds, Rubino says health problems from exposure include allergies and colds, migraines, chronic fatigue, skin problems and even autoimmune disorders.

“Tackling mold in the basement quickly and correctly is key to ensuring that the entire home doesn’t become an increasingly toxic environment that can trigger a long list of adverse health reactions,” he says.

Can a Damp Basement Affect Upstairs?

Yes. Even if you don’t see mold, if your basement is constantly wet or damp, a mold spore there can transition into a living colony, says Rubino. And if a colony establishes itself in your basement, spores can quickly migrate to the rest of your home.

“Mold can grow in as little as 24 to 48 hours given a source of moisture,” Rubino says. “Some species of mold can also grow in areas of high humidity.” That’s why it’s so important to take care of moisture problems as soon as you notice them.

“Removing the element needed for growth helps ensure that any spore entering a home will remain a non-living particle until it’s removed by things like air filtration and deep cleaning,” says Rubino.

Moisture mitigation, like resolving leaks and maintaining low humidity, prevents indoor mold growth.

Can Mold Travel From One Apartment to Another?

Absolutely.

“Since apartments are not standalone entities like single-building homes, there are opportunities for particles like mold spores to travel between the units,” says Rubino. “The particles in question are microscopic, allowing them to get kicked up into the indoor air and ride that current to wherever it may lead even the next apartment over.”

You can’t control what your neighbor does, but Rubino suggests these ways to reduce the chances mold will become a problem in your unit:

• Check with your building services manager about changing your HVAC filters frequently, and upgrading to the highest Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) rated filter.
• Deep clean often with a HEPA vacuum, botanical cleaning products and microfiber towels to remove as many particles as possible .
• Reduce moisture by maintaining humidity levels between 35% and 50%, wiping up spills, creating airflow in bathrooms and kitchens and keeping appliances dry.
• Buy an air purifier. Consider hiring a mold inspector or buying an at-home test kit like The Dust Test to see if there are high levels of contaminants.
• Check with your building manager to see what options are available to mitigate the situation. They may have a legal obligation.

Can Mold Spores Travel on Clothing?

Yes. Mold spores are microscopic and airborne. Rubino says they can easily become embedded in the fibers of our clothes and stick to our shoes as we walk through the basement. If we then go upstairs, the spores hitch a ride.

Mold spores can also get into the washing machine during the laundry, says Rubino. Once that happens, spores may colonize thanks to the moisture and food sources like dirt, detergent and fabric softeners inside. Front-loading washing machines are particularly vulnerable.

Here’s how to get rid of mold in your washing machine.

Steps to Take to Get Rid of Mold in the Basement

First, stop any leaks and moisture intrusion. This includes sealing cracks in the foundation and holes in the attic, Rubino says. If you remove mold yourself but don’t address the moisture problem, mold will return and you’ve wasted your time.

Mold colonies grow into walls and ceilings and enter voids between floors, allowing spores to reach hidden areas of your home. Even if you don’t see mold, spores may be released when you perform remediation. Always wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) and take precautions not to contaminate other areas of your home.

The post Can Mold in the Basement Affect Upstairs? appeared first on Family Handyman.

I see videos of people power washing all kinds of items, from clothing to patios, on every social media outlet there is. There’s even a power washing sub-Reddit with well over a million followers! So when I saw Ryobi was coming out with an all new 2,700 pounds per square inch (psi) pressure washer, I knew I had to get my hands on one and give it a try.

What is the Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer?

The Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer delivers up to 2,700 psi and 1.1 gallons per minute (gpm) of water to spray away built-up dirt, grime and other tough stains. It’s great for cleaning off driveways, fences, decks and patios, window screens, outdoor furniture and more.

The machine comes with two nozzles, one for high pressure, and the other (“Quick Change”) with 15-, 25- and 40-degree fan soap and jet soap settings. There’s also a 35 ft. non-marring high-pressure hose and an onboard detergent tank. The hose, nozzles, and sprayer conveniently store onboard the hand truck for easy transport.

The bright colored green-ish-yellow Ryobi pressure washer is hefty, weighing 50-lbs. It comes in a few pieces; it takes a few minutes and a t30 Torx bit (not included) to assemble.

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$199 at Home Depot

We Tried It

Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer

With a 2700 psi and 1.1 gpm, Ryobi's electric pressure washer is powerful. It comes with two nozzles and is easy to assemble.

$199 at Home Depot

How We Tested It

I had plenty of things that needed a good washing. A dingy 20×20 concrete patio, a corner of my house spotted with moss and algae and a handful of window awnings that hadn’t been cleaned in 10 years. All seemed like good tests for the Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer.

Around the same time I picked up my pressure washer, Family Handyman deputy editor Glenn Hansen bought one as well. He planned to remove built-up grime and old stains from his wooden deck before refinishing it later this month. I wished him luck as we went our separate pressure-washing ways.

Performance Review

I started with the algae and moss on my home’s foundation, choosing the 40-degree fan pattern so I wouldn’t discolor the area and make it stand out. That setting worked marvelously at removing the surface grime and moss. In no time, I moved onto the patio.

I poured this patio a decade ago and the concrete needed a much deeper clean. I tried the 15- and 25-degree spray patterns before settling on 25-degrees for this 400-sq.-ft. job.

About halfway through the cleaning, the nozzle spit up and started spraying the water erratically. I had to finish the patio with the higher pressure 15-degree pattern, which took more time and left it looking two shades cleaner.

Troubleshooting this problem later in the day, I found an illustration in the manual that showed how to unclog a spray nozzle with a straightened-out paper clip! I couldn’t find a paper clip that fit, so I bent a safety pin and inserted it into the 25-degree spray tip. Out rolled a tiny black plastic pebble.

With my nozzle clear of debris, I moved on to the aluminum awnings cleanup. I climbed a ladder and swiftly washed the first four awnings without hassle. When I moved to the last, I discovered the power cord wasn’t long enough, so I added a 15-foot extension cord and kept going.

The final awning was spotless in a few minutes, though you could hear and feel the pressure washer struggle to pull enough power. It draws A LOT of power and works noticeably better when plugged directly into the exterior outlet. That’s not unique to this product; it’s a common problem with other pressure washers I’ve owned.

This week, I asked Glenn about his experience with his new Ryobi pressure washer. He told me it cleaned his deck so well that his neighbor noticed and borrowed it the next weekend to clean his. Both turned out like new.

FAQ

Can the Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer clean concrete?

Yes, 2,700 psi is more than enough pressure to clean concrete. If the concrete is covered in mold, moss or another type of buildup, it will help to spray it with a cleaning agent first and let it sit for a little while before using the pressure washer.

Can you use different cleaning detergents?

The pressure washer comes with an on-board detergent tank that avoids the need to carry around a bucket with a cleaning solution as you use the pressure washer. You can use different cleaning detergents with the Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer, but know that the spray nozzle can clog. Ryobi does make its own cleaning solution designed for pressure washers if you want to be safe.

How long is the power cord?

The power cord is 35 feet in length. The hose is also 35 feet.

What Other Reviews Had to Say

There are plenty of glowing reviews, although several Home Depot shoppers werent happy with the assembly instructions.

RyobiWanKenobi writes, Im hoping the units construction is better than the assembly instructions. Literally no guidance on installing the wheels or the assembly of the unit. The instructions also had a dead link to their website and there was no help on it when I eventually found the unit

Will94 writes: Works well and easy to operate. Only complaint is the instructions are very limited on how to assemble.

RonnieN apparently had no such problems, writing: Easy to assemble! Easy to use! Enough pressure power for home use. Cleaned [my] concrete patio, walkway and driveway in no time! Love it!

Why You Should Trust Us

As a designer of custom cabinets and furniture, I’ve worked with major companies like Target and Aveda, as well as government organizations including the National Park Service. With safety certifications from OSHA and UCOR, I have extensive experience in woodworking and installations.

When I’m not renovating my cabin in Minnesota’s Northwoods or writing articles for Family Handyman, I’m tinkering with my bicycles and motorcycles. This hands-on experience makes me well-suited to test and review various home products, including power washers, providing readers with honest and insightful reviews.

Final Verdict

All and all, the Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer worked out great. It tackled all the concrete, wood and aluminum projects we had. I had no problem assembling it, and the only two issues I had were with the clogged nozzle and the waning power with the extension cord.

I give it a big thumbs-up. The only thing left to do is upload some power-washing videos to the Internet!

Where to Buy the Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer

$199 at Home Depot

We Tried It

Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer

$199 at Home Depot

You can buy the Ryobi Electric Pressure Washer at Home Depot.

The post I Tried The Ryobi Pressure Washer and My Patio Has Never Looked So Clean appeared first on Family Handyman.

While mold is an unwanted and often unpleasant household guest, its effects go beyond the surface. Mold can cause asthma, allergies and upper respiratory infections. That’s why killing mold is more important for your health than you may think.

Mold and mildew, though similar, present different challenges to remove. Here’s how to tell them apart, and how to effectively get rid of mold and mildew for good.

What Is Mold?

Mold is a fungi that grows and thrives where moisture and oxygen are present. Outdoors, mold can be found in places like soil, plants and dead or decaying matter. Indoors, mold growth can occur on wood, carpet, paper, foods and insulation.

What Is Mildew?

Mildew is a type of early-stage mold that generally grows on flat, moist surfaces. It tends to live on shower walls, windowsills and other places with high levels of moisture. Both mold and mildew are sometimes referred to as blight, fungus, must or decay.

Mold and Mildew, Compared

Although mildew is a type of mold, several key characteristics differentiate mold and mildew. Here’s how mold and mildew are different and alike.

Colors

Color is the biggest difference and the easiest way to tell the two apart. Mold is generally green, red, blue or black, while mildew is white or gray.

Texture

Texture is another key indicator. Mold takes on a slimy or fuzzy look. Mildew, on the other hand, tends to be dry or even powdery.

Height

One way to tell mold and mildew apart is their height. Mold is often raised, while mildew appears flat.

Causes

The same culprit causes both: moisture. Mold and mildew can grow in any damp environment inside or outside your home. Moisture sources like roof and foundation leaks, excessive interior humidity, overflowing washing machines and flooding create a potential breeding ground for mold.

Smell

Surprisingly, you can sometimes tell mold and mildew apart by smell. Mold tends to be more pungent, especially as it grows. Mildew has a milder, musty smell that some people compare to damp socks.

Temperature tolerated

Mold and mildew thrive in temperatures above 70 F. Because appliances generate a lot of heat, they’re optimal areas for growth. Mold and mildew typically stop growing when temperatures reach 140 F or higher, or when temps dip below 40 F.

Where they grow

Mold can grow on paper products, cardboard, ceiling tiles and wood products. It can also grow in leaky areas like roofs, windows or pipes. Paint, wallpaper, drywall. upholstery and dusty spots are susceptible as well. Mildew can grow in the same places, but prefers flat surfaces like untextured ceilings and shower walls.

How they spread

Mold and mildew are prolific reproducers. They spread by releasing millions of tiny spores invisible to the naked eye through air or water. Once these spores attach, growth can be extremely fast.

How To Clean Mold and Mildew

Mold and mildew require different cleaning methods. If you’re only dealing with mildew, remove it with a store-bought mildew cleaner and a good scrubbing brush. Simply spray, let sit for five to 10 minutes, then scrub away. Wipe off any remaining mildew with a clean paper towel or cloth.

Mold requires a more rigorous cleaning process, according to Zach Houghton, CEO of Loftera, a U.K.-based company providing construction and renovation services. You can try the method above for mildew removal or mix a homemade solution.

“A spray bottle containing two teaspoons of borax and 1/2 cup white vinegar can be used,” Houghton says. “Spread the mixture over the mold and leave it for 30 minutes to dry. In conjunction with the borax, the white vinegar will eliminate mildew and mold from the surface.” Then rinse the area with clean water and let dry thoroughly.

Houghton says you may need professional help to completely get rid of mold. “It is advisable to call an expert to inspect any mold problem you have in the long run,” he says. “Molds are still capable of producing toxic spores when dead, so even cleaning them doesn’t eliminate their harmful effects.”

How To Prevent Mold and Mildew

Luckily, there are several ways to prevent mold and mildew. Houghton suggests immediately removing if possible any household items or surfaces with mold or mildew growth, like ceiling tiles. Try to keep humidity in your home below 60 percent. You can manage humidity with a dehumidifier.

Cleaning your home at least twice a month can also prevent mold growth. Lastly, when cooking, washing dishes or cleaning, run exhaust fans to move moisture outside. If you notice leaks, immediately clean them up and make required repairs.

The post What’s the Difference Between Mold and Mildew? appeared first on Family Handyman.

Whether they’re laying in front of your sink or next to your tub, the mats in your bathroom spend a lot of time in one of the germiest locations in your house. Bath mats are such a high-traffic germ hotspot that it’s actually recommended you clean them at least once a week.

The good news is, ridding all of those germs and messes from your bath mats isn’t hard, even if you don’t have a washing machine. Here are the easiest ways to wash bath mats, by hand and in the washer.

How to Wash Bath Mats By Hand

Wash bath mats by hand if you don’t have a washing machine nearby, or if the mat is made of a fragile material that won’t survive a machine wash.

Here’s what you’ll need:

• Spray bottle;
• White vinegar;
• Dish soap;
• Cloth;
• Brush;
• Detergent.

Here’s how to do it:

1. Take the bath mat outside and shake out any clinging dust or debris.
2. Mix a cleaning solution in a spray bottle that is one part water, one part white vinegar and one to three tablespoons of dish soap.
3. Spray your cleaning solution directly onto any stains or discolored spots.
4. Let the spray settle for a minute, then scrub those spots with a cloth or a bristle brush.
5. Next, fill your (clean) bathtub with at least half a foot of water and pour in a few tablespoons of detergent.
6. Place your mat in the tub and scrub it with a sponge.
7. Rinse the mat until all soap residue is gone.
8. Hang the mat outside to dry.

Bonus: If you’d rather not wash bath mats every other day, this stone bath mat is just what you need.

How to Clean a Bath Mat In Your Washing Machine

You can definitely use your washing machine if the bath mat is made from a semi-durable material. Depending on the machine, you can wash the mat by itself or with other items. Check your owner’s manual first. The main thing is, the load needs to be balanced so it spins dry properly.

Here’s how to do it:

1. Take the bath mat outside and shake out any clinging dust or debris.
2. Place bath mat in the laundry machine with a gentle detergent.
3. Wash on the cold setting.

If you’re in a rush, bath mats made of microfiber and chenille can be machine dried. Most of the time, though, it’s better for bath mats if they are just air-dried, especially if they have any sort of plastic or rubber backing.

The post The Easiest Way to Wash Bath Mats appeared first on Family Handyman.

Mice Inside the Wall

This is the best way to get rid of mice in your houseeven if theyve made themselves at home inside your walls.

The post 40 Home Mysteries Explained appeared first on Family Handyman.

Additions and Major Remodels

The post 10 Home Projects You Should Always Hire a Pro For appeared first on Family Handyman.

KILZ Interior/Exterior Basement and Masonry Waterproofing Paint

Porous surfaces like brick, concrete and stucco are susceptible to moisture issues. KILZ Interior/Exterior Basement and Masonry Waterproofing Paint is specially formulated for these surfaces.

Safe to use indoors or out, it’s not only mildew-resistant but forms a barrier to stop water infiltration. This helps ward off future mold problems. Apply with a brush, roller or airless sprayer. The paint dries to the touch in one hour and can be re-coated in four.

$35 at Amazon

The post Best Mold and Mildew Resistant Paints appeared first on Family Handyman.

When people say something smells musty, they often mean they smell mildew. Mildew in the house can smell like wet socks, rotting wood or paper. Mildew is an early form of mold and a quick way to determine which one you have is to see if the smell persists after you’ve ventilated the area. If the smell persists then you likely have mold but if it goes away you probably have mildew.

How to Remove Mildew Smell From Towels

As you might expect, the first thing you’ll need to do is find out where that yucky smell is coming from. If you’re lucky, you might find it’s simply coming from your towels. If that’s the case, soak them in all-fabric bleach for about 30 minutes, rinse them off and then run through the washing machine. But, if you spot the dreary discolored mildew spot in your tub, prepare to get your hands dirty.

Methods for Removing the Mildew Smell

Bathrooms require work. You use them for the most intimate and essential of duties, and so keeping them pristine and clean is a must. But sometimes, despite your best efforts, the slight smell of mildew arises and you realize damage control is in order. But where to begin?

Vinegar

• Soak a sponge in vinegar or fill a spray bottle to soak the affected areas.
• Let the solution sit for a few hours on the mildew, then
• Scrub with a coarse sponge. Have an old toothbrush? That will work too!

Essential Oils

Essentials oils are a wonderful way to get rid of yucky smells while using yummy smells! After the vinegar has soaked and the area has been scrubbed,

• Dilute grapefruit seed extract it in a spray bottle with some water
• Spray solution on the mildew to both tone down the smell of vinegar and also boost the vinegar’s ability to kill the mildew.

Tea Tree Oil

Tea tree oil is another essential oil you can use for its antifungal properties. And, instead of using vinegar, you can simply apply tea tree oil all on its own.It still has a strong smell, but it’s a much more appealing one than vinegar.

• Dilute it in water in a spray bottle
• Apply to the affected area
• Allow it to sit, then scrub away

Preventing Mildew Smell in the Future

Reducing moisture is the key to preventing mildew smell. Be sure to check areas that get damp, like the bathroom, laundry room and air conditioning ducts.

• Make sure your bath fan is big enough: If the fans aren’t clearing out most of the moisture in your bathrooms after five to 10 minutes, your fans may not be moving enough air. Check the cfm volume of your fan, usually marked on a label under the grille. Replace it with a larger model if it’s too small for the size of your bathroom. Here’s what to do if you spot mold on your bathroom walls.
• Buy a humidity-sensing fan designed to automatically turn on and off as moisture levels at the ceiling rise and fall.
• Squeegee your shower every time you use it. Smelly shower drain? Heres how you can get rid of the smell in your shower drain.
  
  

The post How to Get Rid of Mildew Smell in Bathroom appeared first on Family Handyman.

One particularly concerning group of molds is Chaetomium, commonly found in water-damaged materials such as drywall, insulation and wood. Chaetomium can cause severe health issues, including respiratory problems, allergic reactions and skin irritation. In extreme cases, exposure to this mold can be fatal. Recognizing Chaetomium early is crucial. Ahead, learn more about where to look for Chaetomium in your home and how to safely remove it with tips from Michael Sacenti of American Healthy Homes.

What Is Chaetomium Mold?

Chaetomium is a genus of dark-walled molds with 95 known species. Discovered by German zoology professor Gustav Kunze in 1817, these molds begin as white fuzzy growths that turn bluish-green as they reach maturity. The spores are dark brown in color and they’re shaped like a fat football. These spores spread in the air, but often don’t disperse unless mature mold is disturbed and shaken loose. Growing best in cellulose-rich environments, Chaetomium digests this cellulose as it matures, gradually decomposing the material and giving off a distinctly musty odor.

Where Is It Commonly Found?

Chaetomium species grow worldwide, most commonly in dung, damp soil and decomposing plants. Indoors, they attach to any moist surface containing cellulose such as wood, ceiling tiles and drywall. They’re especially common on water-damaged surfaces. “You can find Chaetomium in basements, kitchens or bathrooms,” Sacenti says, “Really anywhere there’s moisture in the home.”

What Are the Health Risks?

This mold can cause serious health problems. Like many molds, it can easily lead to severe allergic reactions and respiratory infections in immune compromised people. However, several species produce carcinogenic mycotoxins which can cause cancer. Chaetomium is also known to cause skin and nail infections. In rare cases, fatal brain infections have been associated with Chaetomium. “It’s urgent to remove Chaetomium, you don’t want it to get into your system,” Sacenti says. “It’s one the most dangerous molds.”

How to Remove and Prevent Chaetomium

All mold discovered in homes should be eliminated right away, but Chaetomium carries greater urgency than most. As the second or third most dangerous mold genus to humans, dealing with an infestation quickly could make the difference between no health consequences and serious ones.

Protect yourself with a HEPA-rated respirator (and filter), gloves, eye protection and a disposable set of coveralls. As with all mold, the first step is eliminating unwanted moisture sources allowing the mold to grow. If there’s standing water, get it pumped out. If things are wet, dry the area with heat and fans. Your first task is to make sure mold stops growing while you’re cleaning up. Got some water damaged drywall or wood paneling? Tear it out. Have an old, musty carpet in your basement? Throw it away.

In the future, make sure your house is properly ventilated and leak-free. Do whatever is necessary to keep moisture levels too low for mold to grow. Then spray all areas of existing mold on non-removable surfaces with a non-toxic fungicide, or call in a mold removal specialist.

About the Expert

• Michael SacentiownsAmerican Healthy Homes. He has 10 years of experience in the mold remediation industry and 40 years experience in real estate maintenance.

The post What to Know About Chaetomium Mold appeared first on Family Handyman.

In this guide, well explore how to identify Cladosporium, the dangers it poses and the best methods for removing it from your home. With expert insights from Mike Sacenti of American Healthy Homes, youll learn how to protect your home and family from this common indoor mold.

What Is Cladosporium Mold?

Cladosporium is a genus of mold with 40 documented species and at least 180 more unnamed species, making it extremely widespread and difficult to identify precisely. Most species show up as black, brown or olive green molds, and are some of the most common molds found outdoors and inside.

Many Cladosporium species grow on decaying plants or even other fungi. When they reach maturity, they release airborne spores which are carried and dispersed by the wind. When this happens, air near a large mold growth can temporarily be thick with spores.

Where Is Cladosporium Mold Commonly Found?

Like many molds, Cladosporium is found all over the world, with most species preferring temperatures between 65 F and 82 F (18 C and 28 C). It’s most likely to grow in wet, damp or humid areas. Outdoors, Cladosporium is often found on dead or dying plants and rotting organic material. Indoors, it can grow in bathrooms, on carpets, wallpaper, fabrics, wood and painted surfaces. “The mold’s root system has to get into something porous and organic like wood, paper or cardboard,” Sacenti says. “It will also grow on extremely dusty, dirty surfaces and feed off the organic material found there.”

What Are the Health Effects?

Although most Cladosporium species don’t cause infections in humans, prolonged exposure to the mold or its spores can cause allergies or asthma-like symptoms in healthy people, and significantly worsen existing symptoms in asthmatics.

A few species can also cause infections in the ears, eyes, nose and sinuses. Too much exposure can lead to fungal sinusitis, a condition where fungal matter grows in the nose, mouth and sinus passages, causing excessive mucus buildup, congestion and ongoing headaches. As with other molds, people with pre-existing respiratory issues are most vulnerable to Cladosporium. “The reality is, most people are not going to be affected by exposure to Cladosporium unless there are pre-existing health issues,” Sacenti says.

How to Remove and Prevent Cladosporium Mold

The first step to removing any indoor mold, including Cladosporium, is getting rid of the moisture that allowed it to grow. If you have water in your basement, find out why and fix the problem. Got a leaky sink or appliance? Get it repaired.

It’s also possible that your entire home has poor indoor air quality and excessive indoor humidity, due to insufficient ventilation, especially during the winter heating season. In cases like these, open some windows or install a heat recovery ventilator (HRV). These measures will help stop new mold from forming, but won’t kill active Cladosporium spores already there. For that you’ll need a non-toxic registered fungicide such as Concrobium.

About the Expert

• Michael SacentiownsAmerican Healthy Homes. He has 10 years of experience in the mold remediation industry and 40 years experience in real estate maintenance.

The post What to Know About Cladosporium Mold appeared first on Family Handyman.

What Is Penicillium Mold?

This family of molds was first identified in 1809 in a book by German naturalist Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link. Most of the estimated 300 or more species produce blue, green or yellow spores, and are one of the most common causes of fruit and vegetable spoilage. Spores are mostly spread in the air, and grow best in cool or moderate climates and damp environments. Some species of Penicillium are extremely useful in the production of certain meats, cheeses and antibiotics like Penicillin, which comes from Penicillium chrysogenum.

Where Is It Commonly Found?

Penicillium is found all over the world in cool, damp environments. It grows most often on decaying organic materials such as fruits, vegetables and vegetation. Old bread, spoiling apples and pears, and rotting plant bulbs are all perfect habitats for various Penicillium species, which often show up as blue or green fuzzy growths. Aspergillius penicillium is the strand Sacenti sees most often. “It’s usually found on lumber, building materials, plywood and joists in the basement,” he says.

What Are the Health Effects?

“It’s not extremely dangerous, but everyone’s respiratory system is different,” Sacenti says, “So it may bother you more than it bothers someone else.”Like many molds, Penicillium can threaten those with weak or compromised immune systems, causing allergic reactions or infections. Some species produce mycotoxins which are known carcinogens. Others species cause measurable organ damage when inhaled. When ingested, one species, called Penicillium marneffei, can cause serious infections that affect the lungs, kidneys, spleen, liver and bone marrow.

How to Remove and Prevent Penicillium Mold

Like most molds, Penicillium can only grow where there’s sufficient moisture. Some molds grow best in homes with high relative humidity, which is easy to fix: Open windows or install a heat recovery ventilator (HRV) in a cool climate, or run your air conditioning in hot regions. Sacenti also suggests running a dehumidifier in your basement.

Pencillium has relatively low moisture needs, sometimes growing in homes with normal airborne humidity as long as there’s at least one moist surface somewhere. To prevent Penicillium spreading, make sure your home is dry and well ventilated. Don’t keep spoiling food of any sort, because it’s a perfect environment for spores to take root.

If you find a small amount of mold, soak it thoroughly with a non-toxic registered fungicide. For infestations larger than about 36 x 36 inches, call mold specialists.

About the Expert

• Michael SacentiownsAmerican Healthy Homes. He has 10 years of experience in the mold remediation industry and 40 years experience in real estate maintenance.

The post What to Know About Penicillium Mold appeared first on Family Handyman.

Indoor mold growth is never a good thing, as it indicates moisture issues or unknown leaks within your home. However, some molds are more dangerous than others. It’s important to learn how to identify common household molds so you can distinguish between those that pose a mild risk and those that are a critical health hazard. This is especially crucial if you or your loved ones have compromised immune systems, allergies or asthma, as mold can trigger serious reactions in these individuals.

One group of molds that definitely shouldn’t be ignored is Alternaria. This mold type is typically found outdoors but can make its way into your home. It can then take root in damp environments like bathrooms, basements and under sinks. In this guide, we’ll cover the dangers of Alternaria, how to identify it and the best way to remove it from your home for good with tips from Michael Sacenti of American Healthy Homes.

What Is Alternaria Mold?

Alternaria is a collection of nearly 300 mold species found all over the world. The club-shaped spores develop into long, chain-like structures, eventually growing into thick black, green or gray colonies. Spores spread in the air, often settling in water or soil. Alternaria molds are some of the most common causes of decomposition, and are responsible for at least 20 percent of agricultural spoilage. These molds aren’t all bad, though. Some have performed well as bio-control agents that help keep invasive plant species in check.

Where Is It Commonly Found?

Alternaria is predominantly an outdoor family of molds, so any growth that happens in your home likely began with spores from outside. “It mostly grows on plants and is considered a plant-based fungus,” Sacenti says. “It’s fairly rare to see inside a home.” But if it does find its way inside, it can colonize on tiles, drywall, plywood and even paint and polyurethane. Like most molds, it grows best in dark, damp areas.

What Are the Health Effects?

Alternaria can cause many health problems, mainly a variety of allergies. A 2007 study of 75 U.S. locations showed a marked increase in asthma symptoms in homes with higher Alternaria concentrations. Spores can take root on eyeballs, mucus membranes and in the respiratory tract. Most Alternaria species don’t cause serious infections in healthy people, but “anyone with underlying health conditions is at the highest risk,” Sacenti says.

How to Remove and Prevent Alternaria Mold

The first step to removing Alternia mold is identifying and drying areas of excessive moisture in your home. This will make it harder for new mold to grow and existing mold to spread. Since Alternaria spores almost always come from outside, be sure to keep doors and windows closed during spring and summer if you think you may have a mold problem. Ample ventilation can be achieved with a heat recovery ventilator (HRV), which will help improve indoor air quality and decrease mold growth. If you can find visible mold, use a non-toxic fungicide to remove it. If you don’t see any mold but develop sudden asthmatic symptoms or other respiratory issues, consider hiring a professional mold removal team.

About the Expert

• Michael SacentiownsAmerican Healthy Homes. He has 10 years of experience in the mold remediation industry and 40 years of experience in real estate maintenance.

The post What to Know About Alternaria Mold appeared first on Family Handyman.

What Is Aspergillus Mold?

Rubino starts by explaining that “Aspergillus is considered a ‘common mold’ and is found in homes worldwide.” It’s a family of at least 250 species of mold first discovered in 1729 by an Italian priest and biologist named Pier Antonio Micheli. Although many species of Aspergillus come with serious health concerns, some are surprisingly useful. Aspergillus niger, for example, is responsible for almost all worldwide production of citric acid.

According to Rubino, this family of mold “forms long, flask-shaped spores that can create dense layers or ‘walls’ of growth. Growth can appear white, yellow, brown, or even black. Colonies can appear as greenish-gray flat patches, or they can appear more elevated and textured.” Aspergillus spores spread in the air, and are thought to be more concentrated indoors than outdoors.

How Do I Identify Aspergillus Mold?

If you notice strange growth and think you might have Aspergillus mold, Rubino says that testing is the best way to confirm. He recommends the dust test: “Gravity brings particles like mold spores, mycotoxins, and endotoxins down to horizontal surfaces like floors, door frames, and furniture. Where dust collects, so do these indoor contaminants. Testing this dust will help determine whats hanging out in your home.”

If the test comes back positive, Rubino says that it’s time to bring in an inspector “to determine where those sources of mold are and provide a more in-depth understanding of the situation occurring in the home.”

Where Is Aspergillus Mold Commonly Found?

Many Aspergillus species grow fastest in carbon-rich environments, such as compost piles, rotting leaves and decomposing vegetables. High-starch foods such as bread and potatoes are also common growth areas. Other species can spread rapidly in relatively low-nutrient areas like damp walls, carpets, doors, windows and pillows.

Rubino recommends checking these areas:

• HVAC systems
• Bathrooms (around sinks, showers, faucets, and showerheads)
• Kitchens (appliances, inside cabinets, the sink, the fridge water dispenser)
• Carpets and upholstery (if damp)
• Stored food
• Basements and crawl spaces
• The attic
• Windows and windowsills

What Are the Health Effects of Aspergillus Mold?

“Indoor microbial growth can impact health by lowering indoor air quality and creating unwanted exposures,” Rubino answers. He explains that mold releases spores, which can be inhaled, “triggering an immune response and an array of adverse health reactions ranging from allergy-like to brain fog and more.”

As with many molds, healthy people are at far lower risk of infection from breathing in Aspergillus spores than the immunocompromised. Runimo warns that “individuals with compromised immune systems could also develop Aspergillosis, a severe condition that affects the lungs and can spread to other organs.”

Aspergillosis commonly manifests as respiratory infections that can sometimes spread throughout the body or form “fungal balls” inside bodily cavities such as the lungs. Many of these mold-related infections cause fevers, shortness of breath, coughing and chest pain and require treatment with antifungal medications.

Is Aspergillus Mold Dangerous?

Rubino says Aspergillus mold is dangerous. “Its ability to impact health and lower our indoor air quality makes it something we absolutely do not want in our homes.” He continues, “Although Aspergillus is allergenic, its toxicity may vary depending on the species and environmental conditions.” Aspergillus is worrisome because it can produce mycotoxins. “These [mycotoxins] are naturally toxic to the human body, which is why they are regulated in food products.” Unfortunately, Rubino continues, “there are no regulations for the air we breathe.” He warns that “exposure [to Aspergillus mycotoxins] may result in asthma attacks, lung infections, and respiratory inflammation.”

How Do I Remove and Prevent Aspergillus Mold?

For small areas of household mold, find and fix any sources of excessive moisture, and make sure your home is properly ventilated. Install a heat recovery ventilator (HRV) if necessary. Use a non-toxic registered fungicide to kill the mold, being careful not to disturb the area so you don’t release fresh spores. For any possible Aspergillus mold growth larger than a few feet across, it’s best to call in mold removal professionals.

Remediating Mold

“All mold, regardless of species, should be remediated the same way quickly and correctly,” Rubino says. He stresses the importance of knowing exactly what kind you’re working with so that you can adequately budget and prioritize. “Fast-spreading or species that can release mycotoxins should be at the top of the list.”

Rubino gives three pillars to look out for when finding a remediation company. The company should:

• Remediate the sources properly
• Identify and address the problems that led to those sources in the first place
• Eliminate all contamination thats present

It’s important to remove all of the mold, not just the live portions of the colony. “Even remnants of dead mold can cause ongoing exposure and potential health risks,” he says. Just like weeds that can come back if you don’t pull them out by the root, mold also “develops root-like structures called hyphae.”

Rubino also advises testing again once the remedial team is done to ensure that they’ve gotten all of the mold as well as “other contaminants, such as mycotoxins and bacteria” for your own safety.

If Trying Yourself

If you’re going to try to remediate mold yourself, Rubino says that, first and foremost, “only work on areas under 10 square feet” and contact an expert before you start so that they can offer advice. Spaces larger than 10 square feet should be left to the experts; they’re too large to tackle on your own.

Here are some factors to keep in mind for success, according to Rubino:

• Use correct engineering controls and put personal protection equipment (PPE) in place
• The source that led to the growth needs to be resolved
• All porous materials, like drywall, need to be removed and replaced
• All surfaces need to be decontaminated using the proper remediation protocols based on the specific surface type
• The surrounding space should be deeply cleaned to remove any particles released by the active growth

Don’t be afraid to leave it to the experts if it feels too daunting. “If you arent confident that you can tick off each box, the professional route is the way to ensure all the contamination is removed.”

Prevention

As the old adage goes, an ounce of prevention is worth a drop of cure. Rubino explains that the best way “is to mitigate moisture and regularly clean to eliminate particles like dust, spores, and organic matter from the home.”

He suggests several steps:

• Keep indoor humidity between 35-50%
• Address leaks and structural issues that allow for moisture intrusion immediately
• Routinely clean all appliances
• Make sure appliances like dishwashers and laundry machines are dried thoroughly when not in use
• Use botanical cleaning products with surfactants, a HEPA vacuum cleaner, and microfiber towels to clean
• Clean all machine-washable items with a laundry additive like EC3 to remove microscopic particles
• Separate the shower curtain and liner after use
• Squeegee the shower after use
• Clean the home regularly
• Hang up bath mats, towels, wash rags, loofahs, and any other wet items to dry after use
• Use air purifiers to capture airborne spores
• Upgrade to the highest-rated MERV filter the HVAC unit can handle and change them on time
• Try to stay away from porous materials like carpeting in the home
• Declutter often

Source

Michael Rubino is a mold and air quality expert, environmental wellness advocate, and founder of HomeCleanse, a revolutionary company with the vision to end the worldwide health epidemic caused by poor air quality and toxic indoor environments. He is also Chair of Change the Air Foundation and Host of Never Been Sicker podcast.

The post What to Know About Aspergillus Mold appeared first on Family Handyman.

According to Andrew James, a mold remediation specialist from IndianapolisRestorationPros, outside moisture that seeps through the foundation and moisture originating from the inside contribute to high levels of humidity in the basement. “Combine that with the basement’s high potential for hidden water leaks from faulty pipes and you’re looking at a breeding ground for mold,” James says.

We talked to a variety of experts, who gave us key steps you can take to prevent mold and potentially save a fortune in mold remediation costs down the road.

Repair Leaks and Cracks

One of the first things you should do is eliminate any seepage or leaking in your basement walls. If you notice cracks in the walls, repair them promptly. “You can use certain sealants to fill cracks in your basement walls,” says Miguel Martinez, a masonry contractor in Milwaukee, Wis. He recommends epoxy and hydraulic cement as popular sealant options.

But wall leaks aren’t the only things to worry about, according to Ryan Thompson, a residential plumber from Florida who runs PlumberInformer. “Leaky pipes are a very common problem, which occurs when pipes weren’t installed correctly, or they simply expanded over time and no longer connect tightly,” Thompson says. “It can be difficult at times to catch a plumbing leak before it leads to mold.”

But there’s hope! You can avoid this issue by regularly inspecting your pipes for leaks or bad connections. If you find any pipes that aren’t tightly connected, don’t worry. You can add plumber’s tape and pipe joint compound to tighten them.

Waterproof From the Outside

Exterior waterproofing tactics can go a long way toward preventing mold growth on the inside, according to James. “French drain systems, shrubbery around your property that soaks up excess water, gutters and grading systems can all work wonders to move water away from your foundation, which in return helps prevent leakage and high humidity levels inside your basement,” he says.

James also recommends keeping your gutters clean of leaves and debris to help prevent clogging. Backed up gutters can lead to water overflow. Grading is important, too. “If your land grading is improper, then it can cause water to shift towards your foundation, which leads to basement leaks,” James says. “In a proper grading system, the slope extending out from the foundation will help move any water from rain or snow away from the foundation.”

Using a Dehumidifier Will Prevent Mold

Shaun Ortiz, a mold remediation specialist, recommends running a dehumidifier in your basement to help reduce humidity levels and prevent mold growth. Make sure that the dehumidifier you choose has enough capacity to work effectively. You’ll need to know your basement’s square footage and moisture level. You may need more than one to prevent a moldy basement. “Since dehumidifiers help keep moisture concentrations low, mold growth is stunted since it has less moisture to feed on,” Ortiz says.

Insulate Your Water Pipes

Insulating water pipes is another tactic Ortiz recommends to reduce humidity levels, reducing moisture for mold growth.

Plumber Thompson agrees, adding that it’s especially important during winter when basement pipes can freeze, then burst if uninsulated. “The water damage that is caused by a burst pipe can quickly lead to mold if not dealt with right away,” he says. Clean the pipe thoroughly and allow to dry completely before insulating, Thompson says, to help ensure it stays put.

Avoid These Two Items to Prevent Mold

Plants and wood are sources of food for mold, James says, so resist the urge to decorate with plants. Their propensity for mold and basement’s tendency toward dampness make a bad combination, he says.

Wood can certainly be harder to avoid, especially if you have wood framing or flooring. If that’s the case, be sure to take precautions. Regularly clean trim, paneling and flooring. If you have a basement fireplace, keep the wood outside, James says. It’s a fire hazard and a termite attraction, too. He recommends storing wood on concrete a couple of feet from your home.

Launder Responsibly

If your laundry is in the basement, consider solutions to mitigate the effects of moisture that’s inevitably released, Ortiz says. A few options he recommends: Regularly running a dehumidifier, or installing extra venting or an exhaust fan that connects to your basement vents. A musty smell is often a sign that there’s not enough ventilation.

If moving your washer and dryer out of the basement altogether is an option, consider doing so. Anything you can do to cut down excessive moisture will go a long way to help you fight mold growth. A moldy basement is not a problem you want to have to fix.

The post The Experts’ Guide to Preventing Mold In Basements appeared first on Family Handyman.

Durable White or Light-Colored Fabrics

Product: Liquid Chlorine Bleach

Liquid chlorine bleach what most people think of when they think “bleach” is an excellent mold eliminator, but it has some drawbacks. It can be quite harsh, and isn’t recommended for delicate fabrics. Bleach should not be used on wool, spandex or silk, either.

Because it also may dull color in fabrics, test any non-white garment for colorfastness before using liquid chlorine bleach. How? Clorox recommends what it calls the “Bleachability Test.” Mix two teaspoons bleach in 1/4 cup water, apply a drop of the solution on an inconspicuous spot, wait one minute, blot with a towel, and see if color loss has occurred.

How to Use It

If bleach is safe to use on a mold-stained fabric, wash the garment using the hottest water temperature it can tolerate (check the care tag for laundering instructions) along with detergent and 3/4 cup bleach. Soak badly mold-stained clothes in 1/4 cup bleach to a gallon of cool water for five to ten minutes prior to laundering.

Durable Fabrics of Any Color

Product: Oxygen Bleach

Oxygen bleach, like OxiClean or Biokleen Oxygen Bleach Plus, is chemically different from liquid chlorine bleach but also effectively eliminates mold stains from clothes and other fabrics. Oxygen bleach is color-safe but should not be used on wool, silk or leather.

How to Use It

For smaller mold stains, add two tablespoons of oxygen bleach to the washer along with your regular detergent. Pre-treat bigger or more set-in stains by mixing equal parts oxygen bleach and water and applying the paste to the stain prior to laundering as usual.

Delicate Fabrics

Product: Engleside Restoration Fabric Cleaner

With delicate fabrics like lace, linen or silk, avoid liquid chlorine bleach and oxygen bleach, which can be overly harsh and cause irreversible damage. Instead, use a specialty product. Engleside Restoration Fabric Cleaner, a gentle, odor-free stain remover, can be used on most any textile, including delicates like baby clothes or handmade quilts. Restoration costs a bit more than bleach, but it’s the best option when an important item a family christening gown, wedding dress or vintage quilt develops mold and needs to be washed.

How to Use It

Mix three scoops in a gallon of warm water and soak the garment for 15 to 20 minutes. Remove the item and gently press out excess water. Then mix another three scoops in a gallon of warm water and soak the fabric again for six to eight hours before rinsing thoroughly and allowing to dry.

The post How to Remove Mold and Mildew From Clothes appeared first on Family Handyman.

When it comes to mold in your home, the faster you act, the better. Whether it’s small spots of mold on shower tiles or larger outbreaks caused by hidden leaks or poor ventilation, removing mold quickly is crucial for maintaining a healthy living environment. Mold can trigger allergic reactions, worsen asthma and damage your homes surfaces if left untreated.

There are a variety of cleaning products available, but choosing the right one can be overwhelming. You want a cleaner that not only eliminates mold effectively but also helps prevent it from coming back. With so many options on the market, its important to pick the best solution for your needs. In this guide, weve rounded up our top picks for the best mold cleaners in 2024, so you can take care of your home safely and efficiently.a

The Best Mold and Mildew Eliminators

Mold and mildew can grow in many different places, and figuring out the best product to use on surfaces like wood, fabric or concrete can be confusing. When choosing a mold eliminator, look for a product that is safe for the material type in need of cleaning.

The post 8 Best Mold and Mildew Removers of 2024 appeared first on Family Handyman.

VIA MERCHANT

$46.95 at Amazon

The Mold Inspection Network test kit is for surface testing of visible mold only, not airborne spores, and it includes everything you need for three tests. The purpose of this kit is to identify the type and concentration of mold organisms. Collect samples, send them off for testing and then wait for the lab results. Consultation with mold experts is included in the price for all U.S. states except Texas.

The post Best Mold Test Kits to Check Home Air Quality appeared first on Family Handyman.